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strange facts and fun etymologies

background image: a spread from the 16th-century encyclopedia Margarita Philosophica feat. Atlas, the Greek god condemned to hold up the heavens, and an odd lizard-like mythological creature

patron saint of the internet

"Pope St. John Paul II declared St. Isidore of Seville the patron saint of the Internet because he tried to catalogue everything that was ever known to man."

His work also helped standardise the use of the full stop, comma and colon!!

patron saint of the internet

How did Isidore of Seville become the patron saint of the Internet and computer programmers?
According to Wikipedia, Isidore of Seville (not to be confused with Isidore the Laborer) is the patron saint of the Internet and computer programmers. Unfortunately, the current revision doesn’t
https://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/65608/how-did-isidore-of-seville-become-the-patron-saint-of-the-internet-and-computer

"Pope St. John Paul II declared St. Isidore of Seville the patron saint of the Internet because he tried to catalogue everything that was ever known to man."

Isidore of Seville - Wikipedia
Isidore of Seville (Latin: Isidorus Hispalensis; c. 560 – 4 April 636) was a Hispano-Roman scholar, theologian, and archbishop of Seville. He is widely regarded, in the words of 19th-century historian Montalembert, as “the last scholar of the ancient world”.[2]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isidore_of_Seville

His work also helped standardise the use of the full stop, comma and colon!!

zoophilpsychosis

"In the 1800s, there was even a diagnosis, zoophilpsychosis, for the affliction of being overly concerned for animals, from which women were believed to disproportionately suffer."

zoophilpsychosis

Our Animals, Ourselves - Lux Magazine
The socialist feminist case for animal liberation.
https://lux-magazine.com/article/our-animals-ourselves/

"In the 1800s, there was even a diagnosis, zoophilpsychosis, for the affliction of being overly concerned for animals, from which women were believed to disproportionately suffer."

ghost capital

"Constructed on historical lava deposits near the then long-inactive Soufrière Hills volcano, the town was evacuated in 1995 when the volcano resumed erupting. Plymouth was eventually abandoned permanently in 1997 after it was substantially burnt and mostly buried by a series of pyroclastic flows and lahars. For centuries, it had been the only port of entry to the island. Plymouth is still the de jure capital of Montserrat, making it the only ghost town that is the capital of a political territory."

ghost capital

Plymouth, Montserrat - Wikipedia
Plymouth
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plymouth,_Montserrat

"Constructed on historical lava deposits near the then long-inactive Soufrière Hills volcano, the town was evacuated in 1995 when the volcano resumed erupting. Plymouth was eventually abandoned permanently in 1997 after it was substantially burnt and mostly buried by a series of pyroclastic flows and lahars. For centuries, it had been the only port of entry to the island. Plymouth is still the de jure capital of Montserrat, making it the only ghost town that is the capital of a political territory."

the original tupac

"Tupac Amaru Shakur was born on June 16, 1971, in East Harlem, Manhattan, New York City. While born Lesane Parish Crooks, at age one he was renamed Tupac Amaru Shakur. He was named after Túpac Amaru II, a descendant of the last Incan ruler, who was executed in Peru in 1781 after his revolt against Spanish rule."

the original tupac

Túpac Amaru II - Wikipedia
This article is about an 18th century Peruvian rebel. He is not to be confused with the Inca ruler Túpac Amaru, the contemporaneous rebel Túpac Katari from the region now called Bolivia, or former American rapper Tupac Shakur.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BApac_Amaru_II
Tupac Shakur - Wikipedia
Tupac Shakur
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupac_Shakur

"Tupac Amaru Shakur was born on June 16, 1971, in East Harlem, Manhattan, New York City. While born Lesane Parish Crooks, at age one he was renamed Tupac Amaru Shakur. He was named after Túpac Amaru II, a descendant of the last Incan ruler, who was executed in Peru in 1781 after his revolt against Spanish rule."

chasmology

The study of yawning is called chasmology.

The Latin term used in medicine is oscitatio (anglicized as oscitation), from the verb oscito "to open the mouth". Pandiculation is the act of yawning and stretching simultaneously.

chasmology

Yawn - Wikipedia
For the album by Bill Ryder-Jones, see Yawn (album).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yawn

The study of yawning is called chasmology.

The Latin term used in medicine is oscitatio (anglicized as oscitation), from the verb oscito "to open the mouth". Pandiculation is the act of yawning and stretching simultaneously.

the fireplace of the solar system

(4:13-5:35)

The word focus comes from the Latin for fireplace, and was first used to describe special points of an ellipse – constructed initially to model orbits around the sun (the fireplace of our solar system).

the fireplace of the solar system

Feynman’s Lost Lecture (ft. 3Blue1Brown)
Check out Grant’s channel: 3blue1brown: https://www.youtube.com/3blue1brownThis video recounts a lecture by Richard Feynman giving an elementary demonstratio…
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xdIjYBtnvZU

(4:13-5:35)

The word focus comes from the Latin for fireplace, and was first used to describe special points of an ellipse – constructed initially to model orbits around the sun (the fireplace of our solar system).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellipse
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focus_(geometry)

divination via entrails

"In the religion of ancient Rome, a haruspex was a person trained to practice a form of divination called haruspicy (haruspicina), the inspection of the entrails (exta—hence also extispicy (extispicium)) of sacrificed animals, especially the livers of sacrificed sheep and poultry."

the list of methods of divination might be my fav wiki page:

divination via entrails

Haruspex - Wikipedia
In the religion of ancient Rome, a haruspex[a] was a person trained to practise a form of divination called haruspicy,[b] the inspection of the entrails[c] of sacrificed animals, especially the livers of sacrificed sheep and poultry. Various ancient cultures of the Near East, such as the Babylonians, also read omens specifically from the liver, a practice also known by the Greek term hepatoscopy (also hepatomancy).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haruspex

"In the religion of ancient Rome, a haruspex was a person trained to practice a form of divination called haruspicy (haruspicina), the inspection of the entrails (exta—hence also extispicy (extispicium)) of sacrificed animals, especially the livers of sacrificed sheep and poultry."

the list of methods of divination might be my fav wiki page:

Methods of divination - Wikipedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_divination

truth window

"A truth window is an opening in a wall surface, created to reveal the layers or components within the wall."

truth window

Truth window - Wikipedia
A truth window (or truth wall[1]) is an opening in a wall surface, created to reveal the layers or components within the wall.[2][3] In a strawbale house, a truth window is often used to show the walls are actually made from straw bales. A small section of a wall is left unplastered on the interior, and a frame is used to create a window which shows only straw, which makes up the inside of the wall.[4]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truth_window

"A truth window is an opening in a wall surface, created to reveal the layers or components within the wall."

ramadan on top of the world

"On the higher floors, the sun is seen for several minutes after it has set at ground level. Those living above the 80th floor should wait two extra minutes to break their Ramadan fast, and those living above the 150th floor should wait three minutes."

ramadan on top of the world

Burj Khalifa - Wikipedia
برج خليفة
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burj_Khalifa#Ramadan_observance

"On the higher floors, the sun is seen for several minutes after it has set at ground level. Those living above the 80th floor should wait two extra minutes to break their Ramadan fast, and those living above the 150th floor should wait three minutes."

hapax legomenon

"a word or an expression that occurs only once within a context: either in the written record of an entire language, in the works of an author, or in a single text"

here's one in the Shakespeare canon:

hapax legomenon

Hapax legomenon - Wikipedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapax_legomenon

"a word or an expression that occurs only once within a context: either in the written record of an entire language, in the works of an author, or in a single text"

here's one in the Shakespeare canon:

Honorificabilitudinitatibus - Wikipedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honorificabilitudinitatibus

a puzzle what?

"A puzzle jug is a puzzle in the form of a jug, popular in the 18th and 19th centuries. An inscription typically challenges the drinker to consume the contents without spilling them, which, because the neck of the jug is perforated, is impossible to do conventionally."

a puzzle what?

"A puzzle jug is a puzzle in the form of a jug, popular in the 18th and 19th centuries. An inscription typically challenges the drinker to consume the contents without spilling them, which, because the neck of the jug is perforated, is impossible to do conventionally."

favoured shoes of the taliban

"Called Cheetahs, the sneakers are produced by Servis Shoes, one of the largest shoe companies in Pakistan. They are marketed toward athletes, once endorsed by sports stars, and are the company’s best-selling model.

In Afghanistan they’ve been worn by rifle-wielding insurgents for decades — from the Soviet-Afghan war in the 1980s to the U.S.-led war that began in 2001. They are burned into the memories of many, along with the wanton death and destruction the country has endured since the Soviet Union invaded the country in 1979.

favoured shoes of the taliban

In Afghanistan, Follow the White High-Tops and You’ll Find the Taliban (Published 2021)
The sneakers have been worn by Afghan fighters over multiple generations, but they’ve become a gruesome marker of the Taliban’s violent insurgency.
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/28/world/asia/taliban-sneakers-cheetahs.html

"Called Cheetahs, the sneakers are produced by Servis Shoes, one of the largest shoe companies in Pakistan. They are marketed toward athletes, once endorsed by sports stars, and are the company’s best-selling model.

In Afghanistan they’ve been worn by rifle-wielding insurgents for decades — from the Soviet-Afghan war in the 1980s to the U.S.-led war that began in 2001. They are burned into the memories of many, along with the wanton death and destruction the country has endured since the Soviet Union invaded the country in 1979.

The sneakers have become synonymous with violence, and especially so on the feet of the Taliban."

unusual remedy to snoring

"learning and practising the didgeridoo helped reduce snoring and obstructive sleep apnea by strengthening muscles in the upper airway, thus reducing their tendency to collapse during sleep"

also... the word didgeridoo is falsely assumed to be of Australian Aboriginal origin!

unusual remedy to snoring

Didgeridoo - Wikipedia
A, B and C: traditionally made didgeridoos.D and E: non-traditional didgeridoos
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didgeridoo

"learning and practising the didgeridoo helped reduce snoring and obstructive sleep apnea by strengthening muscles in the upper airway, thus reducing their tendency to collapse during sleep"

also... the word didgeridoo is falsely assumed to be of Australian Aboriginal origin!

call me shadow lover

"A person who chases eclipses is known as an umbraphile, meaning shadow lover."

call me shadow lover

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eclipse_chasing

"A person who chases eclipses is known as an umbraphile, meaning shadow lover."

the father of small involuntary jerk-like eye movements

"The first empirical evidence for their existence was provided by Robert Darwin, the father of Charles Darwin."

isn't that so random??

the father of small involuntary jerk-like eye movements

Microsaccade - Wikipedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsaccade

"The first empirical evidence for their existence was provided by Robert Darwin, the father of Charles Darwin."

isn't that so random??

greatest last words

Jeane Dixon was one of the best-known American self-proclaimed psychics and astrologers of the twentieth century...

Dixon suffered cardiac arrest and died at Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington, D.C., on January 25, 1997. Before her death, she uttered the words "I knew this would happen."

greatest last words

Jeane Dixon - Wikipedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeane_Dixon

Jeane Dixon was one of the best-known American self-proclaimed psychics and astrologers of the twentieth century...

Dixon suffered cardiac arrest and died at Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington, D.C., on January 25, 1997. Before her death, she uttered the words "I knew this would happen."


bird breathing is one-way

"Maintaining a high metabolic rate and body temperature places an extreme demand on a bird’s respiratory system, especially during the intense physical exertion required for flight.

...

bird breathing is one-way

The Respiratory System of Birds: How Birds Breathe
Discover the intricate workings of the avian respiratory system, a key factor in birds’ survival, flight, and high-energy lifestyle.
https://birdfact.com/anatomy-and-physiology/respiratory-system

"Maintaining a high metabolic rate and body temperature places an extreme demand on a bird’s respiratory system, especially during the intense physical exertion required for flight.

...

Unlike mammals, birds breathe through continuous one-directional flow of air through the respiratory system. We take air in and breathe it out, sort of like the tide moves in and out of a bay. As a result, our breathing system is said to be tidal. Avians have a non-tidal respiratory system, with air flowing more like a running stream."

fourteenth time lucky

"The No. 14 chair is the most famous chair made by the Thonet chair company. Also known as the 'bistro chair', it was designed by Michael Thonet and introduced in 1859, becoming the world's first mass-produced item of furniture. It is made using bent wood (steam-bending), and the design required years to perfect. With its affordable price and simple design, it became one of the best-selling chairs ever made. Some 50 million No. 14s were sold between 1859 and 1930, and millions more have been sold since."


fourteenth time lucky

No. 14 chair - Wikipedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No._14_chair

"The No. 14 chair is the most famous chair made by the Thonet chair company. Also known as the 'bistro chair', it was designed by Michael Thonet and introduced in 1859, becoming the world's first mass-produced item of furniture. It is made using bent wood (steam-bending), and the design required years to perfect. With its affordable price and simple design, it became one of the best-selling chairs ever made. Some 50 million No. 14s were sold between 1859 and 1930, and millions more have been sold since."


another reason to love the irish

they invented word spacing!

"Most classical Latin texts were written in scriptio continua, a continuous string of characters without spaces to mark word boundaries. However, some early Greek and Roman texts used interpuncts, small dots, to separate words. Word spacing began much later. Irish scribes first started to add word spacing to texts in the late 7th century, creating what Paul Sänger, in his book The Spaces between the Words, refers to as aerated text. By the 11th century, scribes in northern Europe were separating Latin text canonically, that is, with spaces between words, just as we do today in standard written text."

another reason to love the irish

they invented word spacing!

"Most classical Latin texts were written in scriptio continua, a continuous string of characters without spaces to mark word boundaries. However, some early Greek and Roman texts used interpuncts, small dots, to separate words. Word spacing began much later. Irish scribes first started to add word spacing to texts in the late 7th century, creating what Paul Sänger, in his book The Spaces between the Words, refers to as aerated text. By the 11th century, scribes in northern Europe were separating Latin text canonically, that is, with spaces between words, just as we do today in standard written text."

Word spacing - Wikipedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_spacing

theia the moon-birther

"Theia is a hypothesized ancient planet in the early Solar System which, according to the giant-impact hypothesis, collided with the early Earth around 4.5 billion years ago, with some of the resulting ejected debris coalescing to form the Moon."

theia the moon-birther

Theia (planet) - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theia_(planet)

"Theia is a hypothesized ancient planet in the early Solar System which, according to the giant-impact hypothesis, collided with the early Earth around 4.5 billion years ago, with some of the resulting ejected debris coalescing to form the Moon."

the underside of a willow leaf

"It is a gentle pale yellow-green color with little yellowness. Also known as Urayanagi, this color was enjoyed as a fashionable color by people during the Edo period, when luxury was prohibited due to the Luxury Law. By the way, it is said that during the Edo period, willows were often planted along rivers as a disaster measure to prevent banks from collapsing. Here lies the aesthetic sense and values ​​of the Japanese people, who enjoy even the inside."

the underside of a willow leaf

"It is a gentle pale yellow-green color with little yellowness. Also known as Urayanagi, this color was enjoyed as a fashionable color by people during the Edo period, when luxury was prohibited due to the Luxury Law. By the way, it is said that during the Edo period, willows were often planted along rivers as a disaster measure to prevent banks from collapsing. Here lies the aesthetic sense and values ​​of the Japanese people, who enjoy even the inside."

f/a/l/l/i/n/g///r/a/i/n

"Turing changed only a few of the standard encodings; for instance, 00000 and 01000, which mean "no effect" and "linefeed" in the teleprinter code, were represented by the characters "/" and "@" respectively. Binary zero, represented by the forward slash, was the most common character in programs and data, leading to sequences written as "///////////////". One early user suggested that Turing's choice of a forward slash was a subconscious choice on his part, a representation of rain seen through a dirty window, reflecting Manchester's "famously dismal" weather.

f/a/l/l/i/n/g///r/a/i/n

Manchester Mark 1 - Wikipedia
The Manchester Mark 1 was one of the world’s first stored-program computers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchester_Mark_1

"Turing changed only a few of the standard encodings; for instance, 00000 and 01000, which mean "no effect" and "linefeed" in the teleprinter code, were represented by the characters "/" and "@" respectively. Binary zero, represented by the forward slash, was the most common character in programs and data, leading to sequences written as "///////////////". One early user suggested that Turing's choice of a forward slash was a subconscious choice on his part, a representation of rain seen through a dirty window, reflecting Manchester's "famously dismal" weather.